In an article entitled, “Revealing genetic diversity of tree peonies at micro-evolution level with hyper-variable chloroplast markers and floral traits” published in the 2012,  December issue of Plant Cell Reports (vol. 31 (12): 2199-2213), Suo Zhili with six associates affiliated to seven research institutes in China described  a novel method by which more than a thousand cultivars of tree peonies were  identified accurately. The method consists of identifying   a single nucleotide variation in the chloroplast DNA. It may be mentioned here that some parts of chloroplast DNA   contain hyper-variable markers. Because of their high sensitivity they could be used with a high degree of precision for cultivar identification of tree peonies.